Hollow fiber membrane bioreactors have become increasingly popular in a wide range of applications due to their unique advantages. These systems offer {highproductivity, excellent mass transfer, and efficient mixing capabilities. A key feature of hollow fiber membrane bioreactors is their {largemembrane area to volume ratio, which facilitates high

Membrane Aerated Bioreactors (MABRs) present a promising solution to the demands posed by modern wastewater treatment. This innovative technology utilize aerobic digestion to effectively break down organic matter from wastewater, resulting in a cleaner and more sustainable effluent discharge. Benefits include, they are more energy-efficient compar